الثلاثاء، 21 أغسطس 2012

Talaat Harb

The life story of Talaat Harb

Who is the Talaat Harb?Mohamed Talaat Mohamed Bin Hassan war, Egyptian economic and late owner of the credit in the liberation of the Egyptian economy from foreign domination, and the establishment of several joint stock companies, which is funded and run and work and take advantage of them members of the Egyptian people.
Born Talaat Harb on November 25, 1867 Region aesthetic in Cairo, he completed his secondary school compromise, then got a law degree from the School of Law in 1889, care in addition to study the rights to study economic matters, and also see many of the books in the various fields of knowledge and science and has studied French language even Ojadha proficiency.
Positions held
Began Talaat Harb his career as a translator by the issues the department Sunnis, who holds the agricultural land owned by the state, and then included in the positions until he was appointed Director of pens issues, later worked as a director of the company Kom Ombo, which was the area of ​​its activity in the reclamation and sale of land, then director of the company Egyptian Real Estate and was involved in the division and sale of land and work on Tmuserha to become the majority of its shares to the Egyptians.
Talaat Harb was always looking for self-employment so he creates "company financial cooperation", which has provided many of the financial loans for small businesses obstructed materially.
Bank of Egypt
The Talaat Harb always advocated the idea of ​​a bank insisting capital Egyptian and manage an Egyptian, where interest is always the Egyptian economy and how to promote it, especially after the banks were all under occupation monopoly on foreign alone and seeks to persuade a number of Egyptians subscribing to create an Egyptian bank capital pure Egyptian, and led a campaign of propaganda for this purpose, and has already been subscribed reaching what has been subscribing for about eighty thousand pounds, and was the largest contributor to the bank is the Egyptian Abdel Azim where your total shares purchased by the thousand shares.
On April 13, 1920, a decree was published to establish a shareholding company called "Bank of Egypt" in the Egyptian Gazette and is the Official Gazette of the State.
Text holding company primary that the purpose of the establishment of the bank is to do all the banking business of discount and credit on goods and documents, and the acceptance of deposit and deposits and other private business banks, has been appointed the Board of Directors of the Bank included a number of members remind them Ahmed Midhat was Pasha, who elected president, Mohammed Talaat Harb your Vice President and Managing Director, Yusuf Aslan Qattawi Pasha, the Egyptian Abdel Azim, your Hkoural Yusuf Bey, Ali Maher, your Dr. Fouad Sultan and others, founded the bank was celebrated on May 7, 1920.
Egyptian companies
The Talaat Harb in the context of the economic policy of the bank founded several companies since the opening of the bank and even in 1938, where he was cut into a certain part of the annual profits of the bank appears in the budget as the "money is dedicated to the establishment or development of Egyptian companies, industrial commercial" where they are contributing in capital the company and contributes to citizens rest, bringing the bank to establish the Egyptians and beneficiaries also Egyptians, so that the system working in a bank and corporate economic system integrated any are grouped savings Egyptians in the bank and a is utilizing it in Egyptian companies, which in turn produce Egyptian products quality level high and low prices are filling the necessary needs for domestic consumption, thereby benefiting the national economy as a whole and thus on the citizen and also provide many job opportunities and workforce training in all areas of industrial, economic and financial.
The first companies that Bank of Egypt is founded Press Egypt, Misr Spinning and Weaving Mahalla al-Kubra, and many others. It was the expansion of the bank and opened his other branches within Egypt such as Alexandria and other areas, and in Arab countries such as Egypt Bank, Syria, Lebanon, and another branch in Saudi Arabia.
Resign
In spite of the success of the Talaat Harb through Banque Misr and economic achievements incredible gains, however, that the bank suffered a major financial crisis, the British occupation and beyond, where the acceleration of thousands of depositors to withdraw their money from the bank and raising the crisis to withdraw savings fund mail each deposit of Banque Misr, and refused to lend the National Bank to guarantee securities portfolio, and when he went to Talaat Harb and then-Finance Minister Hussein Sirri Pasha solve this problem, the only requirement was made by the minister to resolve the crisis the bank is to provide Talaat Harb for his resignation.
Indeed feet Talaat Harb resigned to maintain the bank this great achievement, which he submitted to the Egyptians, which lasted to this day serves to Egyptian citizen and a symbol and memory of one of the most prominent economists who knew Egypt. It is his words famous in this situation is, "Let's go Talaat Harb and the left bank of Egypt."
Another aspect of the Talaat Harb
Able side literary to shove his way in life Talaat Harb economic, so he wrote a number of books was first book "History of countries Arabs and Islam" was released in 1897, and also the book "Education of Women and the Veil" in 1899, and the "separation of discourse in women and the veil ".
Bank of Egypt
The Talaat Harb always advocated the idea of ​​a bank insisting capital Egyptian and manage an Egyptian, where interest is always the Egyptian economy and how to promote it, especially after the banks were all under occupation monopoly on foreign alone and seeks to persuade a number of Egyptians subscribing to create an Egyptian bank capital pure Egyptian, and led a campaign of propaganda for this purpose, and has already been subscribed reaching what has been subscribing for about eighty thousand pounds, and was the largest contributor to the bank is the Egyptian Abdel Azim where your total shares purchased by the thousand shares.
On April 13, 1920, a decree was published to establish a shareholding company called "Bank of Egypt" in the Egyptian Gazette and is the Official Gazette of the State.
Text holding company primary that the purpose of the establishment of the bank is to do all the banking business of discount and credit on goods and documents, and the acceptance of deposit and deposits and other private business banks, has been appointed the Board of Directors of the Bank included a number of members remind them Ahmed Midhat was Pasha, who elected president, Mohammed Talaat Harb your Vice President and Managing Director, Yusuf Aslan Qattawi Pasha, the Egyptian Abdel Azim, your Hkoural Yusuf Bey, Ali Maher, your Dr. Fouad Sultan and others, founded the bank was celebrated on May 7, 1920.
Egyptian companies
The Talaat Harb in the context of the economic policy of the bank founded several companies since the opening of the bank and even in 1938, where he was cut into a certain part of the annual profits of the bank appears in the budget as the "money is dedicated to the establishment or development of Egyptian companies, industrial commercial" where they are contributing in capital the company and contributes to citizens rest, bringing the bank to establish the Egyptians and beneficiaries also Egyptians, so that the system working in a bank and corporate economic system integrated any are grouped savings Egyptians in the bank and a is utilizing it in Egyptian companies, which in turn produce Egyptian products quality level high and low prices are filling the necessary needs for domestic consumption, thereby benefiting the national economy as a whole and thus on the citizen and also provide many job opportunities and workforce training in all areas of industrial, economic and financial.
The first companies that Bank of Egypt is founded Press Egypt, Misr Spinning and Weaving Mahalla al-Kubra, and many others. It was the expansion of the bank and opened his other branches within Egypt such as Alexandria and other areas, and in Arab countries such as Egypt Bank, Syria, Lebanon, and another branch in Saudi Arabia.
Resign
In spite of the success of the Talaat Harb through Banque Misr and economic achievements incredible gains, however, that the bank suffered a major financial crisis, the British occupation and beyond, where the acceleration of thousands of depositors to withdraw their money from the bank and raising the crisis to withdraw savings fund mail each deposit of Banque Misr, and refused to lend the National Bank to guarantee securities portfolio, and when he went to Talaat Harb and then-Finance Minister Hussein Sirri Pasha solve this problem, the only requirement was made by the minister to resolve the crisis the bank is to provide Talaat Harb for his resignation.
Indeed feet Talaat Harb resigned to maintain the bank this great achievement, which he submitted to the Egyptians, which lasted to this day serves to Egyptian citizen and a symbol and memory of one of the most prominent economists who knew Egypt. It is his words famous in this situation is, "Let's go Talaat Harb and the left bank of Egypt."
Another aspect of the Talaat Harb
Able side literary to shove his way in life Talaat Harb economic, so he wrote a number of books was first book "History of countries Arabs and Islam" was released in 1897, and also the book "Education of Women and the Veil" in 1899, and the "separation of discourse in women and the veil ".
"Filipq Banque Misr and goes thousand Talaat Harb"

Talaat Harb income through companies and factories that take Ichedha and evaluates each house of Egypt, and without a competitor became leader economically, but still keen to always be away from politics and _khasomadtha and parties and conflicts.

In the few weeks leading up to the outbreak of World War II, there were signs of a crisis in the bank, where desperate tens of thousands of depositors to withdraw their money and deposits from the bank, but the strange thing is hurrying Fund to provide e-government to withdraw all its deposits from the Bank of Egypt alone, although that its deposits in the National Bank was many times what was present in the bank!.

Gold Talaat Harb to meet Egyptian Finance Minister urging him to stop the withdrawal of deposits Savings Fund government, but the minister refused to demand - at the behest of Ali Maher Naqm on Talaat Harb because of him Mustafa copper loan after the government cut the pension - and asked him to step down for the management of the bank for saving the bank of its crisis!.

Indeed feet Talaat Harb his resignation, which surprised the Egyptian public opinion, the impact of maintaining the history of the Bank's management set up by his head. And emphasizes his personal secretary that the phrase only came out of his mouth, a choking with tears was: "I have been not bury!", And the transfer of some of those close to him as saying when he left the Bank Egypt: "Praise be to God .. Filipq Banque Misr, and go a thousand Talaat Harb."
Talaat Harb .. Man of letters

Despite his fame as an economist witty, the Talaat Harb was a man of letters began his authored books, also worked with the press altogether, and has had effects journalist and literary figures, then occupied for literature economic interests, has been his style influenced his life, literary, and shows that clear in the style of writing reports Bank Egypt, and in his speeches and articles and lectures.

Has a book "History of countries Arabs and Islam," published the first edition in 1897, and the second edition in 1905, and the theme of the book is the history of the Arabs before Islam to the era of the Righteous Caliphs, and pointed out in the introduction to the first edition to what he sees as the importance of the writing of history for the advancement of the United.

The second book was issued in 1899, which is entitled "Education of women and the veil" was written in response to the book "women's liberation" issued by Qasim Amin in the same year. The book criticizes the opinion of Qasim Amin with calls to him, where he defended Talaat Harb for the veil and Augl in his defense, starting Bmothorat attributed to Ms. Fatima Zahra and Imam Ali and Hassan bin Ali, spoke about education and obligatory.

Has a book, "separation of discourse in women and the veil," issued in 1901 in response to the second book of Qasim Amin "New Woman", and focused in this book on the sayings of Sheikh Mohammed Abdo on women and their role, and the responses of Rashid Rida in the magazine Al-Manar on the book Qasim Amin.

It is noticeable that Talaat Harb, who defended women's hijab opened in national economic projects for women working intensively clear comparative, in their twenties and beyond.
His death

The man died and was buried on already (28 Rajab 1360 AH = August 21, 1941 m).

Abdul Latif Khamis Abu Haif

Abdul Latif Khamis Abu Haif (1929 - 2008) is a swimmer Egyptian, or swimmer of the twentieth century, as some have called, he was able to put himself in the position outstanding universal in one of the sports important, where he achieved many accomplishments throughout his career, which is one of the the most important crossing the English Channel three times, achieving a world record in 1953, and in defiance of all the difficulties and the first cold killer and torrential currents and many others.Knew Abu HIV as one of the leading swimmers long distances in the world and brighten his star in two fifties and sixties as a hero in international racing, took Abu Haif of hero Isaac Hilmi first trans-Manche example him where he was credited in the introduction, however, Abu HIV in his career.InceptionBorn on January 30, 1929 district Anfoushi in Alexandria, Egypt, and graduated from the Faculty of Sandhurst military Balinden in 1956, and was King Farouk cause of entering Abu Haif for this war college when he wanted to honor him after his success in crossing the English Channel in 1951, and chose Abu Haif prize to join the best in the world war college after earning a high school diploma was.Abu Haif love swimming since childhood and began to exercise a 10 years old, and managed to get a championship Alexandria is still small and then rolled his successes and championships to be crowned a local hero for ten years and a world champion for twenty-five years.[Edit] achievementsAchieved Abu Haif many achievements throughout its history sports track and accomplishments remind winning more than twenty race internationally, and winning world championships in swimming five times, and being able to challenge the English Channel and crossed twice, and broke the record | record in 1953.In 1955 enables Abu Haif to achieve first place in the international race for Munch edging months and the fastest swimmers global, occupied the first place also in the longest race of the pool long around the world in 1963, this race which lasted for 36 hours in Lake Michigan, USA, and the distance scheduled cut 135 kilometers.As claimed first place in many races organized in Argentina, which arrived one to a distance of 250 km pieces where Abu Haif amount of 60-hour pool from Rosario to Buenos Aires and Abu HIV in the first place, where he was the longest distance was cut in this race, as won first place in the race Seine River in France in 1952In a race Montreal International Pkindaam 1965, which is one of the relay races in the sense that alternating swimmers swim every hour, insisted Abu HIV to continue swimming alone, after the disease fellow Italian because of extreme cold and forced to leave the race early, where he continued Abu Haif swim for 29 and a half hours and got the center First, this was the race is one of the reasons that prompted the International Federation of the greatest swimmer in announcing the date in the long-distance also had a role in winning swimmer of the century.It is racing famous fought race Capri - Naples, Italy, and Santa Fe - Rosario, Argentina. Thank the leader of the Lug teacher first (a) Nasser Mohammed Abdullah school Wuthqa experimental languages ​​on his bumper and knowledge Ghazarovi that day participated Ahmed Ali and Gamal Abdel Nasser funeral In 2008 the Mahmodokpr champion in the world is and Abu HaifAchievements of humanityOn the humanitarian front, won Abu Haif biggest tournaments in human feelings and sense of Higher others, were his many situations excellence throughout its history sports and recall of these positions: donating his prize Finance in one of the races for a family swimmer English Matthews Web sank in the English Channel while crossing his alone without complex facilities.He also donated his prize to George Valerie French swimmer and world champion in the race back after injury paralyzed.And sharing the prize won by racing in Montreal with his companion, in spite of his withdrawal at the beginning of the race to his illness.All of these events and many others reflect the extent of ethics sports enjoyed by Abu Haif and made him obsessed enjoyed around the world.The Abu Haif announcing his retirement from swimming in 1973 and was then in the forty-fifth birthday.HonorHarvesting Abu Haif numerous medals and awards for his extraordinary efforts in tournaments different, which succeeded in winning their overwhelming superiority ahead of all the other racers, but in addition to these medals won Abu Haif the Order of the sport of the presidency, as he was named swimmer of the twentieth century in May 2001, based on the choice of the International Federation of swimming long distances him in recognition of his achievements, as the International Federation of Professional swimming long by giving the title of the greatest swimmer in history, and was selected as the best third swimmer in the world, and won Abu HIV in 1963 was named the best athlete in the world and in the referendum year in Italy to choose the best international stars, which make it joins months international athletes such as Pele Brazilian football star or black jewel as he used his fans that Inadoh and in the year 1961, then the Riviera in 1962, and came after them, Abu HIV in 1963.As a kind of honor last name was launched on one of the beaches big his hometown city of Alexandria. The so-called foreigners the crocodile of the nile and dealing Nile crocodile.The death of a heroStop Abu Haif to challenge the English Channel and expresses the greatest overseas, but in spite of its history Sports Excellence but the disease has decided to stand to challenge Abu Haif this time thus enable him pain and suffering through a number of diseases that have crept into this body sports, Wimmer hero with a number of health crises grave, Vkhadda of many surgeries to link varicose esophagus, in addition to suffering from an enlarged spleen and liver cirrhosis and inflammation of the gall bladder and skin cancer in the head, all this pain was not ashamed of the disease that attacks the fiercely compelling English Channel and broken records and who stands bravely in the face of all this. The Abu Haif had refused to travel abroad for treatment at the expense of the state and thanked the government officials on the Egyptian interest in his health, saying: "therapeutic available in Egypt and Egyptian doctors a high degree of efficiency and If I die, I'd rather die on my bed"He died Abu Haif on Monday, April 21, 2008 at the age of 79 years after a long struggle with the disease. [1]God bless this great hero swimmer of the twentieth century!

King Ahmose I


King Ahmose I, or "Neb Ra Bana" is the first king of the Eighteenth Dynasty, and name means "born of the Moon," has settled his family in Thebes.
Acceded to the throne in the period from 1504 until 1462 and BC, at the age of sixteen, the son of the King "Seqenenre" which began the struggle to expel the Hyksos Egypt, which seems to be killed during military operations since found his head injuries five infected sporadic.

Following the death of his brother, "Camus," Astadth his mother to fight the Hyksos after the death of his father, prepared a strong army trained to use the arts of war and chariots, "which was used by the Hyksos," and joined the Liberation Army of many citizens. Creep "Ahmose" to the north, and stressed the attack on the Hyksos capital in "Avaris" until their income, remained chased across the northern Sinai until Palestine, even scattered them in the fifth year of his reign, when the fortress "Harohen" their name did not appear afterwards in history. Returned "Ahmose" to his homeland victorious, and was received by the people of Egypt received a wonderful, ending a period of Egypt's history hateful foreign occupation.
After that began a new period of history of ancient Egypt known as the modern state, where he Ahmose rebuilding the border and objectives and the administrative system and continued to land reclamation, and work to repair internal affairs of the country, killing him on the influence of provincial governors, and went at the head of the army southward to eliminate the Nubians who Halfoa Hyksos, and the fact that the first regular army Ahmose interview, and encouraged people to engage in wire soldiery, and during the reign of this state became Egyptian women a greater role by the wives of kings, princes and their mothers.
Continued Ahmose I ruled Egypt for a long time, have been found within the mummy cache Bahari in 1880, while not found his tomb so far

Akhenaten

From the fourth to Akhenaten Ameyevs

Statue of AkhenatenJoy and intimate marital relationship and mutual love is characteristic of the face of Queen Nefertiti. Pretty face to the point that he remained throughout the ages as a star eternal. The inscription bas in the review of Queen Nefertiti sitting on my knees Akhenaten It does kiss. The scene king and queen and their daughters in front of the six combined structure of the God Aten sun disk goal of ending rays and long hands awarded each member of the family life remains key witness to the love of the coherence of this royal family.
Akhenaten religious revolution
At the beginning of his reign was the name of Akhenaten Amnafis fourth. The disk of the sun reach Aten is one God, which benefits his light all human races so the construction of a temple at Karnak has railed by priests of Amun and a response to that, the Btahedam fetish god Amun and crush pictures everywhere. As conflict intensified left the capital with his court and good is his name to Akhenaten and his B_ed capital Tel Alamrana in honor of the god new. Supported by his wife Nefertiti Aten burning that will succeed in bringing the friends and enemies of Egypt and peace would prevail all over the world. Had dreamed of succeeding in the publication and dissemination of new God throughout the Kingdom. But revenge and retaliation Amon and the fall of the Kingdom of the Hittites at the hands of Asian as a new force expansion. Following the rolls Akhenaten was imminent danger Kingdom Since King did not have a male Akhtar prince behind his 11 year old called Tutankhamun Khatun.

Akhenaten offerings to the AtenChild King underwent Zgot religion good to come back strongly and the god Amun is broken down and obliterate all that the capital built by Akhenaten. Fortunately, he was found temple ruins, built at Karnak used in the construction of some of the monuments and Albobat and this was the beginning of his adventure decipher some symbols unique and bold. Tutankhamun died at the age of twenty years and almost forget that date if not found his tomb at the beginning of the twentieth century.
With his death, Egypt was known strength and radiance of a new and had been sentenced after him straight three generals succeeded in pushing the danger for the Kingdom and make its borders safe then shows Pharaoh Ramses II of Egypt founder of the family ninth century.
Akhenaten life
Rule between 1372 and 1354 years BC. M. son of Amenhotep III, and a pair beautiful Nefertiti. Ruled Egypt for nearly eight years and moved in the sixth year of his reign to the Tel el-Amarna, where built there City (Akhetaten) for the worship of Aten and took them political capital and new religious, and I swear not to leave all his life, and this city is now located in the Tel el-Amarna of the city of Malawi province Minya east of the Nile. After the death of Akhenaten erased to Ahotih like religion monotheistic, Vohmmelt culturally and write the name of Akhenaten lists of kings, and when he returned to the Egyptians their beliefs and their old habits fired on Akhenaten, who became a stranger to his own people because of heresy, the name Amhezwm Amarnaa. Has been erase all traces of Akhenaten, during the reign of his successor, Tutankhamun, and when it became commander Horemheb king has history of his sentence from the death of Akhenaten.

Mina Narmer

First: the struggle of the ancient Egyptians in order to achieve unityEgyptian human lives over the plateau: before settling ancient Egyptian man in the Nile Valley lived above the hills Egyptian deployed where conditions were harsh natural control in humans and the primitive ways of lifeAt that time, rain falling heavily and the weeds and trees grow on the surface of the plateau and lived Egyptian man on gathering and hunting
Ancient Egyptian rights descend from the plateau to the valley: Having said rain and drought prevailed Aztr ancient Egyptian to go down to the valley of the NileIn this new environment guided Egyptian man to agriculture and produced grains such as wheat, barley and domesticated animalsThe man lived in ancient Egyptian life stability rather than life movement experienced over the plateau
1 - The emergence of cities and villages:Established the ancient Egyptian housing and stabilized each group of Egyptians in the village of cooperating in the cultivation of the land surrounding their villages and collect the cities and taking people organize their lives in those villages and towns
2 - the emergence of Regions:Over time, joined the towns and villages to each other provinces and was Vtkont per province governor and there was a group in the provinces of Lower and Upper Egypt provinces
3 - Configuration kingdoms of the north and the south:And over time the union movement in the Lower Delta provinces when united in one kingdom [the northern kingdom] and its capital city [Bhutto] [north of the city Desouk current Kafr El Sheikh Governorate]The king adorns his head the crown of redAnd also formed another kingdom in Upper Egypt is the [Kingdom of the south] and its capital city [toast] [near the city of Edfu current Aswan Governorate and was king adorns his head the crown of white
King Menes and unification of the two countries any two kingdoms:King Menes is the King of the Kingdom of the south which found that differentiate into two kingdoms Egypt something uncomfortable fought the northern kingdom and defeated them and this was About Year: 3200 BC. M.Mina became the first governor Egyptian nicknamed King of Upper Egypt and Lower and wearing a crown featuring double mitral north and south together

King Menes unified Alqzeran
King Menes - Narmer famous title "united the two countries", he began Dynastic about 3200 BC, where united Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt and subjected the country to central rule.
Has managed King Menes Ruler of the Kingdom of the South, unifying Upper with tribal circa 3200 BC. M., and the fact that the whole of Egypt a strong central government, and he became the first governor holds several titles, such as: King of the Two Lands, owner eutrofication, eagle south, snake north, and it was all This glorification of what he has done this great hero of the work.And thus became the King, "Mina" founder of the first dynasty in the history of Pharaonic Egypt, but in the history of the whole world, and wearing the double crown of my kingdom north and south.

King knows "Mina" the need to build the city of medium-site, can including supervision of Upper and Lower Egypt, so he founded a new city on the western shore of the Nile where the village of "dead hostage" Current Giza Governorate, was initially Castle warship surrounded by a fence white, wanted by the owner that fortifies and protects the Kingdom of raids owners north, and was "Mina" has called it "turnoff" any beautiful harbor, and later named "Memphis" time Greece, and then he called the Arabs "Memphis", has become a city of "Memphis" the capital of the whole of Egypt in the era of the old until the end of the Sixth Dynasty.
Was recorded victories King Menes the Kingdom of the North and unification of the country, across the face panel known as the "Panel Narmer," which was devoted to the king was disclosed in 1897, and is likely to historians that "Narmer" is "Mina", has found the painting in the city, "Cape" , which currently exist in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, and the panel are two sides, the first side depicts the King, "Mina," which caught the prisoner of the people of the north, and the White Crown, while depicting the other side of the King, "Mina," which celebrates the victory over the northern kingdom, wearing a red crown .

This was followed by victory played by Mena, the evolution of massive Egyptian civilization and the crystallization of the principles of the central government, and this unit was an important factor in the renaissance Pharaonic Egypt in various aspects of life.

Senusret III

Senusret III (h 0.1878 s. M.. -1839 BC. M..) Was fifth pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty. Rule from 1878 BC. M.. Until 1839 BC. M.., And is considered one of the greatest pharaohs of the Middle Kingdom. The Greeks called Sisostris third and is a source of legend Sisostris. The name speaks well: Snoosart third.
Continued expansion of Senusret III Middle Kingdom in Nubia (of 1866 BC. M.. Till 1863 BC. M..) Where he stayed castles river, including a huge Bohn and Toshka when Oronarta arrived until the third cataract. There obelisk rememberSenusret IIIHieroglyphsRoyal Name: Kao Kha RaThis means: the power of Ra comingOriginal name: Q The AusertIt means: I'm (God) AusertMilitary achievements in Nubia and Palestine. He also built a castle in the city of Byblos Phoenician and built Qlaty obesity and Qmna beyond the Second Cataract to protect the southern and western Egypt. Morgan, in 1894, reported the existence of writings engraved granite rock on the island is easy (near Aswan), recorded Canal Sisostris, has established a temple and city in Abydos, the Temple in last Mdamod. Built the first pyramid in Dahshur, (called the Black Pyramid), which created problems young man called to leave the construction project before completion. And about the fifteenth year of his reign as king, decided to build a new pyramid at Hawara. Use the pyramid of Dahshur Kmedfn for many of the ladies propertiesThe first canalEstablished Senusret III first canal linking the Red Sea and the Mediterranean through the Nile called this channel Sisostris (label Greek to Senusret) and established its extension and he called the channel (sulfur), led this channel to increase trade with Egypt and Puntland and between Egypt and the islands of the sea Average (Crete and Cyprus).Papyrus RaandPapyrus Raand, Berlin, believed to have been written during the reign of Amenemhat III. According to the papyrus is believed that Senusret III had reigned for 39 years, the last twenty years of them was Amenemhat III joint with him in power.Accomplishments:Continued expansion of Senusret III Middle Kingdom in Nubia (of 1866 BC. M.. Till 1863 BC. M..) Where he stayed castles river, including a huge Bohn and Toshka when Oronarta arrived until the third cataract. There obelisk remember his achievements war in Nubia and Palestine. He also built a castle in the city of Byblos Phoenician. Morgan, in 1894, reported the existence of writings engraved granite rock on the island is easy (near Aswan), recorded digging a channel, [1] has established a temple and city in Abydos, the Temple in last Mdamod. Where the head Senusret III need to dig a canal at the First Cataract of expressing to the high waterfall and invaded the country enemies then dug canal waterfall again marched his army to defeat the Kosh Alkhasin. Interested fort Elephantine (Aswan) and established panel border known and established several fortresses and castles, including Castle obesity at the last southern border in his .. [1] Among what came in the panel border timeless (I have made the edge of my country too far deities him my grandparents and I am the king says is implemented The man who lulled into complacency after the attack it strengthens the heart of the enemy and courage lit determination and cheese is cowardice)Built the first pyramid in Dahshur, (called the Black Pyramid), which created problems young man called to leave the construction project before completion. And about the fifteenth year of his reign as king, decided to build a new pyramid at Hawara. Use the pyramid of Dahshur Kmedfn for many of the ladies properties.Effects:Found his name inscribed in Elephantine, easy and Amada and Toshka and all these places north of the Second Cataract The southward no name on the temple built in his honor in Mds and is located on the western shore of the Second Cataract and pyramid Senusret III is located in Dahshur northern Lisht any of Agon and he called Hotep any peace and near this pyramid tombs of Queen and princesses Nfrhunt others.His death:As Matt organized a poem to commemorate his memory and the sentences (and horror of it have been slaughtered nine Bedouin tribes which exceeds the stock gods Sekhmet) (and greatest gratification Egypt Your power has protected the old system)

King Thutmose III

King Thutmose IIINews of Ra, Thutmose III (1425 BC. M..) Is the sixth Pharaohs Eighteenth Dynasty, and is considered one of the greatest rulers of Egypt throughout history. Thutmose II died, leaving the throne to his son, Thutmose III, who was not old had exceeded the sixth. The Hatshepsut, which his aunt and his father's wife at the same time, the inauguration itself the guardian of the throne of King Thutmose III small. Two years later, the self-proclaimed Queen of the throne and ruled for twenty years. Then disappeared, and ascended the throne of Thutmose III and his father.Thutmose versatility militaryThutmose III was king warrior has six ten military campaign against Asia (Syria and Palestine area) was able to prove his influence there, as proven influence Egypt until Nubia in the south, was Amir city of Kadesh in Syria leads an alliance of warlords in the country Asian Sham against Egypt Vsamm Thutmose III to discipline this king and defeat this menace. Vdrb soldiers better training and built castles and forts, defeated in the battle known as the Battle of Megiddo in Tel Megiddo (currently located north of Palestine), featured the talents of Thutmose III military, which led to the country fear the Near East from Egypt. He says one historian veterans in ancient Egypt and confirms the texts about the power of Egypt in the era of Thutmose III and say (there is no power in the country's Near East could face the Egyptian army, who received military training excellent and won under the leadership of King genius is Egypt's Pharaoh great Thutmose III). Too interested in constructing naval fleet forces managed to simplify the control of many of the Mediterranean islands such as Cyprus and also to expand the influence on the coast of Phoenicia (the coast of Lebanon and Palestine now), and this is the first to set up the oldest empire in history stretched from the Upper Euphrates as far north as the fourth cataract on Nile River to the south. And nicknamed (Abu Empires), as well as nicknamed Thutmose III (Napoleon Middle) as well as (the first emperor in history) as one of the geniuses in the history of military inimitable throughout the ages. And is considering plans military in many colleges and military academies all over the world, which is the first of the division of the army into the heart and wings, has engaged the British Empire with many of his plans in the battles, especially what he had done Lord Allenby in his battles against the Ottoman Empire in World War I. and it was this wise policy impact on cohesion Egyptian empire for a century and dissemination of Egyptian culture there.His proficiency politicalSummoned Thutmose III sons princes regions Asian to Thebes, capital of Egypt at that time, to learn in schools customs and traditions of Egyptian and educate them Egyptian culture, and instills in them love Egypt, even if they returned to their home country and took power which have become loyal followers and certainly can not think of war Egypt, and questioned by some historians that this is the Pharaoh Jewish exodus from Egypt (Children of Israel), based on a paragraph in the Bible says that King Solomon had built the house of the Lord in the year 480 of Exodus of Israel from Egypt and the fourth year of his reign and select the fourth year of Solomon's reign added 480 years will lead this to the end date of the rule of Thutmose III, but this assumption dubious because of the different figure in copying translations Torah so that each makes this period of 500 years which shows that this figure was a guess of clerks Torah. [1] It is known that King Solomon rule in Palestine between 970 and 928 BC.Its architecturalBuilt Thutmose III in a good many temples including two temples, one next to the Temple of Hatshepsut in Deir el-Bahri, as he built Albwabtan giant sixth, seventh and ballroom at the Temple of Karnak and completed construction of a temple Habo initiated by Hatshepsut, and held a temple to the god Ptah at home in Memphis, and has the temple three compartments First of Ptah and the second goddess good and the third of the goddess Sekhmet wife Petah where represented by a statue with the head of a lioness Iatlah disk of the sun, and has a temple in the term and obesity, and set up a temple in Elephantine to the gods Sataat, and has effects in Kom Ombo and Edfu and Ain Shams and Armant.Established Tuthmosis III at least seven obelisks mostly exists now in a number of capitals of the world, including the obelisk in London (is one Mslten ordains Thutmose III in front of the Temple of the Sun Bahleopolas was transferred engineer Grecian named Bntios to Alexandria to Aodaa front of the Temple of Isis, has fallen this obelisk over the base in the fourteenth century AD, and is said to Mohammed Ali Pasha donated to Britain in 1831 but did not arrive to London only in 1878, where it remained lying on the ground throughout the time for not being able to move so as to ensure the costs of transfer traffic Erzms and he made her age special ship for transport, has been the ship on its way to return to the sinking as a result of the storm in the Bay of Biscay, but were rescued obelisk and arrived safely.It is worth mentioning that this obelisk has suffered scratches from shrapnel during World War II on the River Thames, known as needle Cleopatra, which was Thutmose had erected in front of the Temple of Ain Shams, and Obelisk other currently exist in Istanbul is one of the Mslten ordains Thutmose front edifice VII (gate great ) Karnak was transferred Emperor Theodoros in 510 AD, and in fact represents the upper part of the obelisk only obelisk was originally much longer than any obelisk now exist.It has an obelisk other existing in New York hosted by Thutmose in front of the Temple of the Sun This obelisk and Obelisk London twins, a list now in Central Park, also ordered Thutmose in the late days users that are held obelisk in front edifice eighth of the Temple of Karnak but not completed due to his death, and left in place for 35 years to be found Thutmose IV and erected in the place where they are prepared him and are now in Rome in front of the Church of St. John the Ballatyran, the Constantine the Great King of the state Alrmanih transfer this obelisk, weighing 455 tons to Alexandria in 330 AD to be sent to Byzantium to beautify his new capital, but failed to transfer stayed and remained in place for 27 years until his son Kstuntunaios moved to Rome and Oqmha in the field Maxemas, In 1587, disclosed and found broken into three pieces Vtm repaired and restored by Domenico Fontana by order of Pope Scots fifth and erected in its current location Square Allatyran, as is also that raises the cross on the summit, believing that this symbol of the victory of Christianity to pagan.Maximum limits for EgyptThat Thutmose III established the oldest empire in history is the extreme limits of Egypt in the Pharaonic era was in the imperial era in the era of Thutmose III reached the borders of Egypt to the Euphrates to the east and to Libya to the west and to the coast of Phoenicia north and south to the Fourth Cataract or fourth cataract. [2]His tombMatt Thutmose at the age of 82 years after being sentenced fifty-four years, and was buried in a cemetery in Valley of the Kings he had prepared for himself a tomb No. 34, where one of the early kings who built tombs for themselves in the Valley of the Kings, has discovered his tomb in 1898 by the World Victor Loret He found the cemetery had been looted by the mummy was not found in the Deir el-Bahri in 1881.

الاثنين، 20 أغسطس 2012

King zoser


ch was found in a room is narrow, and known as the basement, located northeast Group funerary complex of King Djoser at Saqqara, is the oldest known statues of life-size in Egypt, which represents King Djoser sitting on the throne, has covered his body cloak.The statue was entirely coated with a layer of white plaster and color.The eyes sunken, Vkanta someday Mrsotain.The king wears a black wig, surmounted by a royal head dress, Nemes, as well as ceremonial false beard.The inscription front surface of the base, with hieroglyphic text accurately, utter the names and titles of the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, a prose Khatt.Dimensions Width 45.3 cm 95.5 cm Height 144 cmSphinxWhen he fell from a stone statue of the Sphinx's shoulder in 1988., And shook the whole world for this incidentKing Zoser (Bridge) (Third Dynasty)Author: Michael MarthhWho is the King Djoser?That the first kings of this family, a King Djoser was probably the son of the last king of the Second Dynasty has considered the founder of the ancient family of new owner.May be considered the first kings of Memphis Maniton. As indicated by the importance of his registration Papyrus Turin named red ink.May best known during his lifetime as the "scattering Khatt", a name that responded to the effects of his reign. It is also his titles "bridge", or "Zoser".His sentence to 29 years According to the Maniton, but some other sources only to 19 years old only. The country has experienced a renaissance during which public in all areas, not limited effects on Saqqara, but built temples Balgarib of Hrbit in Eastern Directorate, found the remains of one of them.He sent a campaign to discipline some Bedouins Peninsula Sina were exposed to campaigns sent by the kings to bring copper from mines in the vicinity of Mount cave there.Story building pyramid:Began Zoser his life, like those who preceded kings and built for himself just graves in the form of terrace large mud-brick (95 meters in length × 50 meters in width, and height of 10 meters), but did not Ichedha at Abydos, but built in the area now known as the House of disagreement south Qena, was found on many of the pots and the seals bearing the name of the king and bearing the names of some of his staff and the various departments that were in charge of its affairs.And willing Fortunately for Egypt to appear at the time a genius who left a clear impact in the history of mankind, and ruled Inayatullah be on the throne King discreet opinion knew the value of genius that person stretched out his helping hand and enabled him to achieve his views. Fajld name of King Djoser and immortalized his work, and made Egypt in his great progress in all respects.The first architect in history, "Aamahotb"We do not know for sure that it was "Aamahotb" began his life in the reign of King "Kha These kings" were among his staff, or that appeared only in the days of Zoser, and in any case, his name has been linked to the name of the last king alone, either during his lifetime or in subsequent generations, the Egyptians immortalized their names remained together until the last people Ivkronhma days of Egyptian history. He said the book Egyptians in the modern state "Aamahotb" an imam and a protector for them, and was keen to every writer before the start of work on shedding a few drops of water as an offering to him.The Kings until that time buried in graves on the terraces do not feature in the general form for the graves of their subjects only bone size and grandeur, and was building a mud-brick, though some parts of the Interior, and in particular the burial chamber, the adoption of the stone.And the children of Zoser his grave Royal in the south on the pattern of previous kings, if correct proportion of the tomb of the house odds to him, but Aamahotb Think commends the tomb of another woman in cemetery northern capital, and the development is designed to be the most luxurious of any tomb was built before that time any king before him, and was The idea twitchy initial construction of the tomb is to be built of stone blocks instead of brick terrace Vhid large limestone quarries which a piece of nearby then coated outer walls of calcareous stones type bond which they get from quarries in Tora eastern side of Nile.That was without a doubt the most luxurious terrace and the greatest of any tomb another royal in the region, cut under the terrace corridors and rooms surrounding a side compartment used in the construction of large granite stones to be the King's Chamber.Did not convince Aamahotb so, altered the design of the first and think of something new. The master Zoser god idol of his people must be characterized by his grave for others, and should go up and above, but this took builds terrace above the other, each of which is less in size than underneath until it became the final form of the tomb of Djoser pyramid included a six degrees, were all covered from the outside White limestone, and so was Aamahotb first architect in the history of Egypt was built like a pyramid tomb in the shape of the year. Not only did that but took the pyramid wall several buildings, some of them for the establishment of the feast Thalathini and others was symbolic graves in the south side or temples also related to holidays also built on the north side of the pyramid temple where she statues of the king.Equivalent and Respect:Zoser knew as much as architect Vkrema and wanted to live forever with him was allowed to write his name on the statues and this estimate did not know his cream-like, because the king was a god worshiped by his people, and he wanted to immortalize him Aamahotb who knew him his place in the world of ingenuity.Titles and functions Aamahotb:He takes several jobs he was supervisor of the construction works of the king, and was a supervisor also manages his palace and was in possession of a title of examples, but the most important of all, it was his titles that the first man after the king any he was governor of a region, and it was great for priests the sun in a civil Ion "Helio - Pulis." Perhaps later took over (ie, after the work of those statues) function the minister because it has become the main title in the following centuries.God is the Egyptians and Greeks together:It was reported that the Egyptian historian Manetho Zoser rule twenty-nine years, but some other sources only nineteen years only. Added to that saying: "He lived in the days of his reign (ie Aamahotb), who believed that Greeks Ascalibus (god of medicine) for his skill in medicine. Was discovered this person architecture and stone sculpture was very popular and accepted with great enthusiasm on the authorship.Aamahotb was one of those who show their genius genius in more than one field Not only genius in the art of architecture and sculpture The most recent development in the larger Egyptian art, but also excelled in medicine, where a thousand, thousand also in wisdom. And the gods of the Egyptians after his death and worshiped and built temples to him in the late days of their civilization, especially in the Persian era any in the sixth century BC In the days of the Ptolemies thereafter), and named it "son of the god Ptah." It may be that the Egyptians may Hawa Aamahotb in early era, but they did not commend him temples many throughout the country except in the Late Period, when the opinion of the Egyptians that other civilizations such as the civilizations of the Greeks and the Persians took invade the country and dazzle the eyes of some of her children was their response to the severity of their adherence to their civilization ancient which was out of all civilizations, and they were the first teachers of mankind.Ten of the pyramids at Saqqara queensMission Effects French at SaqqaraMISSION ARCHÉOLOGIQUE FRANÇAISE DE SAQQÂRAMission Effects French at Saqqara is a joint mission between the University of Sorbonne in Paris and the National Center for Research French CNRS unit FRE 2563, supported by the French Foreign Ministry, under the auspices of the Academy of Institut: Académie des Inscriptions & Belles-LettresThe main objective of the mission is to search and study and scientific publishing to the Pyramid Texts, the oldest religious texts saved us throughout history. The mission at the same time digging and repairing Groups funerary pyramids of the kings of the Sixth Dynasty last of the Old Egyptian families (about 2350 to 2200 BC) to the side Find pyramids of their talents, which were not known before.The number of queens pyramids at Saqqara old state after the last discovery of archaeological expedition French to ten pyramids, located half that number alone in the cemetery pharaoh Bibi's family first. Pyramids other can come out of the sand in the future, evidence of this is the pyramid, which revealed the mission recently to Queen - Mother Ankh MSN Bibi 2 and engraved walls Hgrath texts famous pyramids.